Coloured shade nets can improve

Black shading nets are widely used in the protected cultivation of vegetables as a technique for controlling light and temperature, while the colored shading nets, with special optical properties to improve the use of solar radiation, appeared recently in the agricultural plastics market.

Treatments shade nets were established under a randomized complete block design with four repetitions. The red net transmitted All nets increased the photosynthetic responses: transpiration, stomatal conductance and CO 2 assimilation, observed in plants grown under black net.

Leaf greenness Key words: Cucumis sativus L. Palavras-chave: Cucumis sativus L. Cucumber Cucumis sativus L. In were harvested 2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Statistics Division. Accessed: Jan. Greenhouse represents an option to increase cucumber production, by promoting an environment that improves the growth and development of plants ORTIZ et al. Desirable traits for cucumber plants grown under greenhouse and hydroponics at high plant densities.

Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, vol. Accessed: Nov. Control of light environment: A key technique for high-yield and high-quality vegetable production in protected farmland. Agricultural Sciences, vol. Accessed: Dec. However, building a greenhouse means a large investment that needs to be carefully considered. For this reason, it should be structural designs that adapt to the different needs of each crop and available resources. An economical alternative is the net house or shade net, which protects horticultural plants leaf and fruit from strong direct sun radiation, obtaining more vigorous plants, with higher yields and fruits of better quality than in the open field GRUDA, GRUDA, N.

Impact of environmental factors on product quality of greenhouse vegetables for fresh consumption. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, vol. Growth and yield of tomato in response to sun radiation transmitted by shade nets. Terra Latinoamericana, vol. The effect of screened openings on greenhouse microclimate.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, vol. Accessed: Mar. Responses of plastic shading nets to global and diffuse PAR transfer: Optical properties and evaluation. Comparison of UV-absorbing nets in pepper crops: spectral properties, effects on plants and pest control.

Photochemistry and Photobiology, vol. Shade effects on growth, flowering and fruit of apple. Journal of Applied Horticulture, vol. Accessed: Feb. Photoselective shade netting integrated with greenhouse technologies for improved performance of vegetable and ornamental crops. Acta Horticulturae , no. Leaf gas exchange chlorophyll fluorescence, and fruit yield in hot pepper Capsicum anmuum L.

Journal of Integrative Agriculture, vol. Bell pepper Capsicum annuum L. HortScience, vol. Are colored shade nets, each of which specifically modifies the transmitted light spectrum in the ultraviolet, visible and far red regions, enriching the relative content of scattered light and affects its thermal components infrared region , in function of the chromatic additives of plastic, scattering elements and weaving design SHAHAK et al. ColorNets: crop protection and light-quality manipulation in one technology.

Thus, black, grey and white nets have effect of reduction of light quantity neutral shade , while red, blue, yellow and pearl nets have effect of changes in red and blue light composition photo-selective shade COSTA et al. Effects of colored shade netting on the vegetative development and leaf structure of Ocimum selloi. Bragantia, vol. Spectral irradiance, gas exchange characteristics and leaf traits of Vaccinium corymbosum L.

Environmental and Experimental Botany, vol. Photosynthetic behavior, growth and essential oil production of Melissa officinalis L. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. In the same study, a lower percentage of small leaves less than 10 cm 2 and a higher percentage of large leaves 15 to 30 cm 2 was produced under the green and red netting compared with the conventional black.

Leaf photosynthesis rates generally were in line with the parameters of plant growth. However, no control treatment was conducted by the authors. In the following two years, use of shade net did not have any effect on vase life.

Vase life of Xanadu leaves was not affected by the color of the netting that was used. In the first year of a study, Shahak Et al. However, TRD fruit diameters were unaffected by netting. In contrast, all the shade nets except white improved TRD midseason red coloration.

Subsequently distinct responses were recorded according to the season. In the case of SGD, fruit size and yield increased with pearl, red, and white but not with blue, gray, or black nets. In the case of TRD, only white net increased fruit size, which the authors attributed to the lower productivity, a larger inherent fruit size, and greater plant vigor compared with SGD. Some studies about table grapes have been reported from Israel.

Preliminary results indicate that colored shade net s can influence pear fruit size and russeting. Elad Et al. Data from another experiment included in the same paper showed the actual shade factors can differ considerably from the nominal values and that shade factors change over time. There are many factors that should be considered with respect to the use of colored shade net in addition to the direct effects on the crops. Radiation quality can have effects on plants as well as on the microorganisms associated with them.

For example, although pepper yields were increased under colored shade net s, powdery mildew Leveillula taurica leaf coverage and leaf shedding resulting from disease were more severe in the shade and had to be controlled by spraying. Colored netting may affect mites and insect plagues.

It has also been reported that although whiteflies preferred landing on yellow compared with black netting, fewer adult whiteflies were caught on yellow sticky traps inside the yellow-netted chambers than under black netting. Colored shade net can affect workers that care for the crops 20 and also their ability to judge the degree of maturity when harvesting. Colored shade net factors such as relative costs, color fastness, and durability should also be considered.

Colored shade net is a relatively new tool. It can be used for a wide variety of purposes by horticulturists. The effects are varied, and plant responses can differ even among cultivars of the same plant.

For this reason, much additional investigation is needed in order to demonstrate and elucidate the effects of colored shade net.

Basile, B. Photoselective hail nets affect fruit size and quality in Hayward kiwifruit. Brar, H. Photoselective coverings infuence plant growth, root development, and buddability of citrus plants in protected nursery.

Acta Physiol. Candian, V. Photoselective exclusion netting in apple orchards: effectiveness against pests and impact on beneficial arthropods, fungal diseases and fruit quality. Pest Manag. Chi, B. Colored plastic films affect demographic characteristics of Aphis gossypii on cucumber plants. Giaccone, M. Tree vigor, fruit yield and quality of nectarine trees grown under red photoselective anti-hail nets in southern Italy. Acta Hortic. Diaz-Perez, J. John, K. Bell Pepper Capsicum annum L.

Galvez, A. The use of red shade nets improves growth in salinized pepper Capsicum annuum L. Goren, A. Photoselective shade nets reduce postharvest decay development in pepper fruits.

Light quality manipulation improves vegetable quality at harvest and postharvest: A review. Light quality manipulation by color nets improves quality of lettuce from summer production.

Bioactive constituents of red and green lettuce grown under colour shade nets. Food Agric. Effect of coloured shade-nets on plant leaf parameters and tomato fruit quality. Kong, Y. Manja, K. The use of nets for tree fruit crops and their impact on the production: A Review. Effect of shading and grafting on yield and quality of tomato. New technology in basil production with high essential oil yield and quality.

Crops Prod. Mudau, A. Response of baby spinach Spinacia oleracea L. Ntsoane, L. Variety-specific responses of lettuce grown under the different-coloured shade nets on phytochemical quality after postharvest storage. Olivares-Soto, H. Peng, X. Effects of different colored light-quality selective plastic films on growth, photosynthetic abilities, and fruit qualities of strawberry.

Pinheiro, R. The use of photoselective nets affects the leaf characteristics of lettuce cultivars. Bulgarian J. Sarkar, Md. Soil parameters, onion growth, physiology, biochemical and mineral nutrient composition in response to colored polythene film mulches.

Serra, S. Schmidt, T. Plants, 9, ; doi Shahak, Y. Photoselective netting: an emerging approach in protected agriculture. Sivakumar, D. Spectral quality of photo-selective shade nettings improves antioxidants and overall quality in selected fresh produce after postharvest storage. Food Rev. Stagnari, F. Light quantity and quality supplies sharply affect growth, morphological, physiological and quality traits of basil.

Sunlight transmitted by colored shade nets on photosynthesis and yield of cucumber.